Farm Structure and Building Technology
Course Objective:
After completion of this course the students will be able to:
- Understand the functional requirement and planning of farmstead
- Carryout design and modification of existing design of cattle housing and agricultural structures
Part – A BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
- Foundation [2 hours]
- Function and types of foundation
- Components of foundation
- Simple spread footing foundations
- Common problem with foundations
- Brick and stone masonry [4 hours]
- Brick masonry
- Brick laying and bonding
- Causes of failure of bonding
- Damp proofing
- Reinforced brick work
- Thickness of wall
- Load bearing and non load bearing wall
- Maintenance of Brick masonry
- Stone masonry
- Types of stone masonry – Rubble and Ashler
- General principles of stone masonry
- Dry stone masonry
- Maintenance of stone masonry
- Hollow block masonry
- Laying of hollow concrete blocks
- General structural considerations
- Partition and cavity wall
- Partition wall
- Cavity wall
- Damp prevention [2 hours]
- Source and effect of dampness
- Prevention of dampness
- Water proofing mixtures
- Water proof surface treatment
- Lintel and Arches [2 hours]
- Types of Lintels and their use
- Types of Arches
- Centering of arches
- Floors [2 hours]
- Types of floors
- General principles for the selection of floors and flooring materials
- Roofs and roof coverings [2 hours]
- Classification of roofs- Flat and Pitched
- Types of pitched roofs
- Methods of securing pitched roofs against uplift
- Constructional details of flat and pitched roofs
- Roof coverings- Thatch, Tiles, slates, CGI and AC sheets
- Selection of roof covering
- Staircases [2 hours]
- Elements of staircase
- Types of stair
- Relation between rise and tread of stair
- Simple design of stair
- Doors and windows [2 hours]
- Location, size and materials of Doors and Windows
- Door parts – Frame, shutter and their detail
- Fittings of door and windows
- Ventilators – types and detail
- Plastering and Pointing [2 hours]
- Materials for plastering
- Design consideration for Plastering
- Defects in Plastering
- External finishes
- Pointing – Types and use
- Painting, Distempering and Whitewashing [2 hours]
- Types of paints
- Process of painting on – Wood work, Iron work, Plastered surface and Masonry
- Surface
- Distempering
- White washing and colour washing
- Thermal Insulation [2 hours]
- Heat transference
- Types of insulating materials and their applications
- Thermal Insulation of roofs, walls and floors
- Thermal treatment in tropical and subtropical regions
- Ventilation[2 hours]
- Types of ventilations – Natural and Mechanical ventilation
- Requirements of a good ventilation system in Residential and Farm buildings
- Lighting [2 hours]
- Requirements of lighting in Residential and Farm buildings
- Natural and Artificial lighting
- Requirements of electricity
Part: B FARM STRUCTURES
- Selection and Planning of Structures [2 hours]
- Types of farmstead
- Planning principle and layout of farmstead
- Dairy Cattle Housing [2 hours]
- Functional requirement and sizing
- Location and orientations
- Types of dairy cattle housing and their relative merits and demerits
- Structural details
- Functional and structural requirement of milking parlor
- Poultry Housing [2 hours]
- Functional requirement and sizing
- Location and orientations
- Types of poultry housing and their relative merits and demerits
- Structural details
- Structure for poultry feeding and watering
- Swine Housing [2 hours]
- Functional requirement and sizing
- Location and orientations
- Types of swine housing
- Structural details
- Goat and Sheep Housing [2 hours]
- Functional requirement and sizing
- Location and orientations
- Types of Goat and Sheep housing
- Structural details
- Fish ponds [2 hours]
- Functional requirements
- Constructions and maintenance of Fish ponds
- Feed and Forage structures [2 hours]
- Bag and bulk storage structures
- Silo
- Sizing and structural details of trench, pit and tower silo
- Green house and Poly house [2 hours]
- Purpose of green house and poly house
- Types, functional requirement and constructional detail
Tutorials
The Drawing/Tutorial shall be used for problem solving and students shall be given assignments and final examination on:
- Planning and layout of building/Farm house.
- Detailed drawing of a small building from measurement.
- Making plans of alternative courses of different thickness of brick wall in
- English bond - one brick, 1½ brick and two bricks, and
- Flemish bond - single Flemish and double Flemish bond.
- Structural drawings of various types of roofs.
- Structural design of various types of floors.
- Structural drawing of various types of foundations.
- Planning and layout of dairy cattle, poultry and swine housing.
- Drawing of a small Farm house.
- Drawing and design of simple fish pond.
- Preparation of site plan.
Practical
The practical should be used for problem solving and class should be taken of two periods per week on:
- Planning and layout of building
- Detail drawing of a small building from measurement
- Structural drawing of various types of roof
- Structural drawing of various types of floors
- Structural drawing of various types of foundations
- Planning and layout of dairy cattle, poultry, swine and goat and sheep housing
- Layout of Fish pond
- Layout of Silo
- Planning and layout of farm shed with various farm machinery and equipments
- Planning and layout of greenhouse shed
- Planning and lay out of electrical fixtures on existing drawing
- Preparation of master plan of Agricultural Farm.
Reference
- Building Construction; by B.C. Punmia, Laxmi publication
- Building Construction; by Shusil Kumar, Laxmi publication
- Building Construction; by Rangawala, Laxmi publication
- Farm structures, by Barre, H.J. and Sammet L.L. John Wiley & sons Inc.
- Farm Building Design by Neubaur L.W. Prentice Hall Inc
- Farm Building in Punjab by A.P. Bhatnagar, Punjab Agricultural University, Publication
- CIGR handbook of Agricultural Engineering, vol. 2, animal production and aquaculture Engineering, published by American Society of Agricultural Engineers
- Farm building design by Neubaur L.W. Prentice- Hall Inc.
- Farm structures by Barre, H.J. and Sammet L.L., John Wiley and Sons Inc.
- Farm building in Panjab by A.P. Bhatnagar, Punjab Agricultural University Publications.
- Time Saver for Architecture Data
Evaluation Scheme
The questions will cover the entire chapter of the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be as indicated in the table below:
Chapter |
Hours |
Marks distribution* |
Part A |
1 |
2 |
10 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
10 |
4 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
6 |
3 |
10 |
7 |
2 |
8 |
2 |
10 |
9 |
2 |
10 |
2 |
11 |
2 |
10 |
12 |
2 |
13 |
2 |
Part B |
1 |
2 |
10 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
10 |
5 |
2 |
6 |
2 |
7 |
2 |
10 |
8 |
2 |
Total |
45 |
80 |
*Note: There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.
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