Farm Structure and Building Technology

Course Objective:
After completion of this course the students will be able to:

  1. Understand the functional requirement and planning of farmstead
  2. Carryout design and modification of existing design of cattle housing and agricultural structures   

Part – A    BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

  1. Foundation [2 hours]
    1. Function and types of foundation
    2. Components of foundation
    3. Simple spread footing foundations
    4. Common problem with foundations

  2. Brick and stone masonry [4 hours]
    1. Brick masonry
      1. Brick laying and bonding
      2. Causes of failure of bonding
      3. Damp proofing
      4. Reinforced brick work
      5. Thickness of wall
      6. Load bearing and non load bearing wall
      7. Maintenance of Brick masonry
    2.  Stone masonry
      1. Types of stone masonry – Rubble and Ashler
      2. General principles of stone masonry
      3. Dry stone masonry
      4. Maintenance of stone masonry
    3. Hollow block masonry
      1. Laying of hollow concrete blocks
      2. General structural considerations
    4. Partition and cavity wall
      1. Partition wall
      2. Cavity wall

  3. Damp prevention [2 hours]
    1. Source and effect of dampness
    2. Prevention of dampness
    3. Water proofing mixtures
    4. Water proof surface treatment

  4. Lintel and Arches [2 hours]
    1. Types of Lintels and their use
    2. Types of Arches
    3. Centering of arches

  5. Floors [2 hours]
    1. Types of floors
    2. General principles for the selection of floors and flooring materials

  6. Roofs and roof coverings [2 hours]
    1. Classification of roofs- Flat and Pitched
    2. Types of pitched roofs
    3. Methods of securing pitched roofs against uplift
    4. Constructional details of flat and pitched roofs
    5. Roof coverings- Thatch, Tiles, slates, CGI and AC sheets
    6. Selection of roof covering

  7. Staircases [2 hours]
    1. Elements of staircase
    2. Types of stair
    3. Relation between rise and tread of stair
    4. Simple design of stair

  8. Doors and windows [2 hours]
    1. Location, size and materials of Doors and Windows
    2. Door parts – Frame, shutter and their detail
    3. Fittings of door and windows
    4. Ventilators – types and detail

  9. Plastering and Pointing [2 hours]
    1. Materials for plastering
    2. Design consideration for Plastering
    3. Defects in Plastering
    4. External finishes
    5. Pointing – Types and use

  10. Painting, Distempering and Whitewashing [2 hours]
    1. Types of paints
    2. Process of painting on – Wood work, Iron work, Plastered surface and Masonry
    3. Surface
    4. Distempering
    5. White washing and colour washing

  11. Thermal Insulation [2 hours]
    1. Heat transference
    2. Types of insulating materials and their applications
    3. Thermal Insulation of roofs, walls and floors
    4. Thermal treatment in tropical and subtropical regions

  12. Ventilation[2 hours]
    1. Types of ventilations – Natural and Mechanical ventilation
    2. Requirements of a good ventilation system in Residential and Farm buildings

  13. Lighting [2 hours]
    1. Requirements of lighting in Residential and Farm buildings
    2. Natural and Artificial lighting
    3. Requirements of electricity

Part: B    FARM STRUCTURES

  1. Selection and Planning of Structures [2 hours]
    1. Types of farmstead
    2. Planning principle and layout of farmstead

  2. Dairy Cattle Housing [2 hours]
    1. Functional requirement and sizing
    2. Location and orientations
    3. Types of dairy cattle housing and their relative merits and demerits
    4. Structural details
    5. Functional and structural requirement of milking parlor

  3. Poultry Housing [2 hours]
    1. Functional requirement and sizing
    2. Location and orientations
    3. Types of poultry housing and their relative merits and demerits
    4. Structural details
    5. Structure for poultry feeding and watering

  4. Swine Housing [2 hours]
    1. Functional requirement and sizing
    2. Location and orientations
    3. Types of swine housing
    4. Structural details

  5. Goat and Sheep Housing [2 hours]
    1. Functional requirement and sizing
    2. Location and orientations
    3. Types of Goat and Sheep housing
    4. Structural details

  6. Fish ponds [2 hours]
    1. Functional requirements 
    2. Constructions and maintenance of Fish ponds

  7. Feed and Forage structures [2 hours]
    1. Bag and bulk storage structures
    2. Silo
    3. Sizing and structural details of trench, pit and tower silo

  8. Green house and Poly house  [2 hours]
    1. Purpose of green house and poly house
    2. Types, functional requirement and constructional detail 

Tutorials
The Drawing/Tutorial shall be used for problem solving and students shall be given assignments and final examination on:

  1. Planning and layout of building/Farm house.
  2. Detailed drawing of a small building from measurement.
  3. Making plans of alternative courses of different thickness of brick wall in
    1. English bond - one brick, 1½ brick and two bricks, and
    2. Flemish bond - single Flemish and double Flemish bond.
  4. Structural drawings of various types of roofs.
  5. Structural design of various types of floors.
  6. Structural drawing of various types of foundations.
  7. Planning and layout of dairy cattle, poultry and swine housing.
  8. Drawing of a small Farm house.
  9. Drawing and design of simple fish pond.
  10. Preparation of site plan.

Practical
The practical should be used for problem solving and class should be taken of two periods per week on:

  1. Planning and layout of building
  2. Detail drawing of a small building from measurement
  3. Structural drawing of various types of roof
  4. Structural drawing of various types of floors
  5. Structural drawing of various types of foundations
  6. Planning and layout of dairy cattle, poultry, swine and goat and sheep housing
  7. Layout of Fish pond
  8. Layout of Silo
  9. Planning and layout of farm shed with various farm machinery and equipments
  10. Planning and layout of greenhouse shed
  11. Planning and lay out of electrical fixtures on existing drawing
  12. Preparation of master plan of Agricultural Farm.

Reference

  1. Building Construction; by B.C. Punmia, Laxmi publication
  2. Building Construction; by Shusil Kumar, Laxmi publication
  3. Building Construction; by Rangawala, Laxmi publication
  4. Farm structures, by Barre, H.J. and Sammet L.L. John Wiley & sons Inc.
  5. Farm Building Design by Neubaur L.W. Prentice Hall Inc
  6. Farm Building in Punjab by A.P. Bhatnagar, Punjab Agricultural University, Publication
  7. CIGR handbook of Agricultural Engineering, vol. 2, animal production and   aquaculture Engineering, published by American Society of Agricultural Engineers
  8. Farm building design by Neubaur L.W. Prentice- Hall Inc.
  9. Farm structures by Barre, H.J. and Sammet L.L., John Wiley and Sons Inc.
  10. Farm building in Panjab by A.P. Bhatnagar, Punjab Agricultural University Publications.
  11. Time Saver for Architecture Data

Evaluation Scheme
The questions will cover the entire chapter of the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be as indicated in the table below:      

Chapter

Hours

Marks distribution*

Part A

1

2

10

2

4

3

2

10

4

2

5

2

6

3

10

7

2

8

2

10

9

2

10

2

11

2

10

12

2

13

2

Part B

1

2

10

2

2

3

2

4

2

10

5

2

6

2

7

2

10

8

2

Total

45

80


*Note: There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.

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