Farm Power and Engine System
Course Objective:
After completion of this course the students will be able to understand the concept of prime sources of farm power and fundamentals of internal combustion engines.
- Animate and Inanimate Sources of Farm Power (10 hours)
- Sources of Farm Power and their Utilization
- Human Power
- Animal Power
- Electrical Power
- Mechanical Power
- Solar Energy
- Wind Energy
- Bio-gas
- Micro-Hydro
- Availability, Advantages and Limitations of Farm Power Sources
- Account of Farm Power Sources in Nepal
- Animal Power Harnesses
- Measurement of Animal Power
- Yokes and Harnesses for Draught Animals for
- Walking Type Farm Machines and Equipment
- Riding Type Farm Machines and Equipment
- Transport Equipment
- Mechanics of Hitching
- Design Parameters for Animal Harnesses
- Internal Combustion Engines (8 hours)
- Operational Parameters of Internal Combustion Engines
- Classification of Internal Combustion Engines
- Working Cycles of Internal Combustion Engines
- Two-Stroke and Four Stroke Cycle Engines
- Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines
- Engine Components and Their Construction
- Firing Order and Criteria for Selection of Firing Order
- Performance of Internal Combustion Engines (8 hours)
- Indicated Power, Brake Power, Mean Effective Pressure
- Engine Efficiency
- Heat Balance for Internal Combustion Engines
- Power, Torque, Speed Relationship
- Specific Fuel Consumption
- Operating Principle and Function of Engine Systems
- Valve Operating System (4 hours)
- Valve Arrangement
- Components Involved in Valve Operation
- Cam Profile and Valve Lift
- Size of Valve Ports and Valve Opening Area
- Valve Timing
- Valve Clearance
- Valve Adjustment and Maintenance
- Intake and Exhaust System (3 hours)
- Air Cleaning System and Types
- Performance of Different Air Cleaners
- Components Involved in Exhaust System
- Maintenance of Intake and Exhaust System
- Engine Fuels and Fuel Supply System (8 hours)
- Properties of Fuels used in I.C. Engines
- Calorific and Heating Values of Fuels
- Octane and Cetane Rating
- Test of Gasoline and Diesel Fuel
- quations for Hydrocarbon Fuels
- Combustion in Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines
- Air-Fuel Ratio and Mixture Requirements
- Carburetion and Working Principle of Carburetor
- Working Principle and Components of Diesel Fuel Supply System
- Working Principle and Components of Petrol Fuel Supply System
- Ignition System (3 hours)
- Ignition Timing
- Pre-Ignition and Ignition Delays
- Detonation and Knocking in I.C. Engines
- Ignition Advance and Retard
- Ignition Trouble Shooting and Remedies
- Governor and Governor Control (2 hours)
- Purpose
- Types and Working Principle
- Stability, Hunting, Regulation and Sensitivity
- Troubles and Remedies
- Cooling System (3 hours)
- Purpose and Types of Cooling System
- Heat Balance
- Components of Air Cooling System
- Components of Pressure Water Cooling System
- Corrosion and Corrosion Inhibitors
- Cooling System Tune-up
- Antifreeze Mixture
- Lubrication System (5 hours)
- Purpose of Engine Lubrication
- Lubricating Oil Classification
- Properties of Lubricants
- Additives in Lubricating Oil and Pollution
- Selection Parameters of Lubricating Oil
- Components of Pressure Feed Lubrication System
- Maintenance of Lubrication System
- Starting and Electrical System (3 hours)
- Components of Self-Starting System
- Storage Battery Maintenance
- Lighting and Horn
- Maintenance of Electrical System
- Small Engines for Farm Operations (3 hours)
- Stationary Engines for Farm Operations
- Range and Availability in the Country
- Selection of Engines for Farm Operations
Practical:
- Dismantling of an Internal Combustion Engine, Identification of Major Parts and Measurement of Basic Dimensions
- Study on Working Principle of Two-Stroke and Four Stroke Cycle Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines, Firing Interval, Firing Order and Valve Timing
- Study on Intake and Exhaust System and Air-Cleaners
- Study on Fuel Supply System of Compression Ignition Engines
- Study on Fuel Supply System of Spark Ignition Engines
- Study on Cooling System in Internal Combustion Engines
- Study on Lubrication System in Internal Combustion Engines
- Study on Governors and Governing System in Internal Combustion Engines
- Study on Electrical and Starting System
- Oil and Fuel Test
- Starting of Engine and Making Adjustments in Engine Systems
- Study on Engine Maintenance Schedule, Troubles and Their Remedies
References:
- Willard W.Pulkrabek ,“Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine”, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India.
- Ganesan, “Internal Combustion Engines”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, India.
- M. L. Mathur and P. Sharma. Dhanpat Rai & Sons, “Internal Combustion Engines” New Delhi, India.
- J. B. Liljedahl, P. K. Turnquist, D. W. Smith and M. Hoki “Tractors and Their Power Units”, CBS Publishers and Disbuters, New Delhi, India.
- T. P. Ojha and A. M. Michael. Jain Brothers, “Principles of Agricultural Engineering, Vol I” ,New Delhi, India.
- Ben D. Moses and Nenneth R. Frost. John Wiley & Sons “Farm Power”, New York, USA.
Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover all the chapters of the syllabus. The evaluation for the final theory examination is indicated as follows:
Chapters |
Hours |
Marks Distribution* |
1 |
10 |
12 |
2 |
8 |
10 |
3 |
8 |
10 |
4.1 & 4.2 |
7 |
10 |
4.3 |
8 |
10 |
4.4 & 4.6 |
6 |
9 |
4.5 & 4.7 |
7 |
10 |
4.8 & 5 |
6 |
9 |
Total |
60 |
80 |
*Note: There may be minor deviation in marks distribution
|