Energy Resources

Course Objectives:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand:

1. Different types of conventional energy resources,
2. Different types of renewable energy resources,
3. Energy conversion technologies.

Course Outlines:

1. Fossil fuels and their characteristics(4 hours)
1. Classification of traditional fuels
2. Refining of crude oil
3. Properties of gasoline and diesel


2. Solar energy(6 hours)
1. Movement of earth and Solar radiation, solar radiation measuring devices.
2. Solar radiation fundamentals and solar angles
3. Flat plate collectors, solar water heaters, Solar Concentrators
4. Photovoltaic materials; Materials in bulk and thin film forms
5. Role of microstructure (single crystal, multicrystalline, polycrystalline, amorphous and nanocrystalline) in electrical and optical properties of the materials
6. Applications of Photovoltaic for power generation


3. Bio energy(3 hours)
1. Biogas generation and factors affecting bio digestion or generation of gas
2. Biomass and biochemical conversion to fuels
3. Biogas plants


4. Wind energy(4 hours)
1. Principles of wind energy conversion
2. Types and characteristics of Horizontal & vertical axis wind turbines
3.  Wind farming


5. Micro and small hydro power systems(6 hours)
1. Micro/Mini hydropower systems, principles and related technologies
2. Site investigation
3. Determination of flow
4. Construction and operation of the different types of water turbines within the range of micro and small hydro power systems
5. Characteristics of turbines used for micro and small hydro power plants


6. Non conventional forms of energy and batteries(6 hours)
1. Introduction to fuel cells and Hydrogen fuel system
2. Hydrogen production processes
3. General introduction to infrastructure requirement for hydrogen production, storage, and utilization
4. Battery fundamentals
5. Different types of batteries


7. Nuclear energy(6hours)
1. Introduction
2. Nuclear fusion and reactions
3. Requirements for nuclear fusion
4. Health hazards
5. Radiation protection & shielding


8. Responsible development practices(4 hours)
1. World energy resources
2. Energy consumption pattern of different countries
3. Environment, Development and Society-comparative approaches to natural resource management:
4. Indigenous system of natural resource management-land, water, forest, air etc:
5. Environmental ethics.  
6. Urbanization and Sustainability,
7. Environmentally responsible consumption.


9. Energy audit (6hours)
1. Energy audit concepts
2. Basic elements and measurements
3. Preparation and presentation of energy audit reports
4. Case study and potential energy savings

Practicals:

1. Measurement of Solar Radiation with Pyranometer
2. Determine the  performance of  liquid heating solar collector from open -loop through flow test setup
3. Determination of the performance of Study of Solar Water Heater
4. Study the construction and operation of wind turbine
5. Study of  Bio gas plant and its principle of operation
6. Study of Micro/Small hydro power systems

References:

1. H.P. Garg & J. Prakash, Solar Energy Fundamentals and Applications, Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited, new Delhi, India.
2. S.N. Bhadra, D. Kastha, S. Banerjee, Wind Electrical Systems, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, India.
3. G. D. Rai, Non-Conventional Sources of Energy, Khanna Publishers, India
4. J.A.Duffie, W.A. Beckman, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, John Wiley & sons.

Evaluation Scheme:
There will be questions covering all the chapters of the syllabus. The evaluation scheme for the questions will be as indicated in the table below: