Design of Structures

Course Objective:
This course is aimed at teaching students the concept of design of structures and computational analysis for the design and management of agricultural projects. It gives a practical approach to the various facts of the subject and emphasizes the application of steel, timber and concrete structures to solve engineering problems in the agricultural engineering field.

Part-A:   Design of Steel and Timber Structures

1. Introduction[2 hours]
1. Types of loads on steel structures
2. Use of steel and timber in structures
3. Stress-strain behaviour and allowable stress in structural steel
4. Codes of practice for design of steel structures


2. Design Criteria for Steel Structures[3 hours]
1. Method of design
2. Design based on allowable stress
3. Principle of limit states design
4. Floor and truss system


3. Design of Riveted and Welded Connections[4 hours]
1. Types and failure of riveted joints
2. Rivet value and efficiency
3. Types and stresses in welded joints
4. Design of riveted joint under axial forces
5. Design of riveted joint under eccentric forces
6. Design of welded joints and axial forces
7. Design of welded joints under eccentric forces


4. Design of Tension Members[2 hours]
1. Types of tension members
2. Net sectional area
3. Design of angles, tee and tubular sections


5. Design of Compression Members[4 hours]
1. End conditions and effective length
2. Radius of gyration and slenderness ratio
3. Design of compressive members under axial loads
4. Design of bases for axially loaded columns


6. Design of Beams[4 hours]
1. Beams subjected to bending and axial forces
2. Bending and axial stress
3. Shear Stresses
4. Deflection limits
5. Design of laterally supported beams
6. Design of bearing plates


7. Design of Build-Up Compression Members[3 hours]
1. Types of build-up beams
2. Design of cover plates
3. Check for stresses


8. Design of Roof Trusses [4 hours]
1. Angular and tubular sections
2. Loads on roof trusses
3. Forces and deflections in trusses
4. Graphical method of finding forces in roof truss members
5. Design of purlins
6. Design of bearing and anchorage
7. Design of wind bracings


9. Design of Timber Structures[4 hours]
1. Types and properties of timber
2. Allowable stresses in timber
3. Use of Timber in construction
4. Codes of practice for the design of timber structures
5. Design of compression members
6. Design of beams
7. Types of joints and their connections

Part-B:   Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

1. Design Concepts of Reinforced Concrete Structures[4 hours]
1. Limitations of use of plain concrete
2. Purpose of steel reinforcement
3. Concept of reinforced concrete
4. Assumptions in elastic theory as applied to RCC
5. Loads, forces and stresses


2. Working Stress Method[4 hours]
1. Single reinforced sections
2. Modular ratio
3. Neutral axis and stress and strain diagrams
4. Analysis of single reinforced sections
5. Shear stress and diagonal tension
6. Bond and torsion


3. Reinforcement Detailing[4 hours]
1. Spacing of reinforcement and concrete cover
2. Minimum and maximum reinforcement in beams, slabs and columns
3. Minimum and maximum sizes of reinforcing bars
4. Details of reinforcement in beams and columns


4. Limit State Method[6 hours]
1. Safety and serviceability requirements
2. Characteristic strength of materials and safety factors
3. Characteristic load and their partial safety factors
4. Limit state of collapse in compression
5. Limit state of collapse in shear
6. Limit state of collapse in torsion
7. Limit sate of serviceability in deflection
8. Limit state of serviceability in cracking


5. Design by Limit State Method[12 hours]
1. Design of singly reinforced beams
2. Design of doubly reinforced beams
3. Design of flanged beams
4. Design of one way slabs
5. Design of two way slabs
6. Design of columns
7. Design of footings

Tutorials
The tutorial classes shall be used for design problem solving and the students shall be required to submit following design assignment:
a)     Steel Structures
i.      Design problems on riveted and welded connections
ii.     Design of continuous beam supported on columns
iii.    Graphical method in the analysis of forces in a typical roof truss
iv.    Design and drawing of a typical plane roof truss
v.     Design and details of columns including base plate, foundation and anchorage

b)    RCC Structures
i.      Design and drawing of rectangular and flanged beams with single and double reinforcement
ii.     Design and drawing of one way and two way slabs
iii.    Design and drawing of axially loaded columns
iv.    Design of footings

References:

1. Design of Steel Structures by V.M. Vazirani and M.H. Rativani. Khanna Publishers, New Delhi (Latest Edition)- 11 copies
2. Design of Concrete Structures by V.M. Vazirani and M.H. Rativani. Khanna Publishers, New Delhi (Latest Edition)- 11 copies
3. Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures by P. Dayaratnam. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.- 6 copies
4. Design of Steel Structures by Kazimi and Jindal. Prentice Hall of India Ltd. (Latest Edition)- 6 copies

Evaluation Scheme:
The questions will cover the entire chapter of the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be as indicated in the table below: