Building Materials I
Course Objective :
To have knowledge of different building materials, develop understanding of properties, quality and uses of materials and their testing methods to determine their qualities.
- Introduction(1 hour)
Building Materials & its importance in architecture and engineering.
Objective of Building material study.
- Stone(10 hours)
- Introduction
Building material available in Nepal
- Sources of Stone
- General knowledge of types of rocks according to geological formation
- Igneous rock
- Sedimentary rock
- Metamorphic rock
- Types of rocks by physical properties
- Types of rocks by hardness
- Quarrying of Stone
- Types of quarrying
- Quarry by hand
- Quarry by machine
- Quarry by blasts
- Seasoning and preservation of stone
- Dressing of Stone
- Hammer dressing
- Chisel drafted margin
- Tooling and axing
- Fine tooling
- Rubbed and polished work
- Stone Masonry
- Types
- General principles to be observed in the construction
- Comparison between Brick and Stone Masonry.
- Selection and uses of Stone for Engineering and Architectural Works
Granite, Sandstone, Limestone, Marble & Slate.
- Brick (6 hours)
- Introduction, Constituents of Brick, Sizes of Brick
- Brick Making Process
- Hand making process
- Machine making process
- Characteristics of Good Bricks & Sizes
A class Brick
B class Brick
C class Brick
- Testing of Brick
- Water absorption test
- Sandiness test
- Compressor strength test
- Tensile strength test
- Lime (2 hours)
- Introduction, Constituents of lime
- Classification of lime
- Comparison between different types of lime
- Uses -Lime plaster, lime punning, lime painting
- Cement (12 hours)
- Introduction, constituents of cement
- Properties
- Manufacturing process of cement.
- Mixing
- Burning
- Grinding
- Dry process (Flow chart diagram)
- Wet process
- Testing of Cement
- Fineness
- Soundness
- Tensile strength
- Compressive strength
- Test for chemical composition
- Rough and ready method of examining cement
- Properties of Cement Mortar, types & uses.
- Cement plaster
- Cement paints
- Storage of Cement
- Sand (3 hours)
- Introduction as building material
- Classification and uses of sand
- Bulking of sand
- Characteristics of good sand
- Substitutes of sand
- Concrete (12 hours)
- Introduction and constituents & mixture ratios
- Aggregates
- Fine aggregates-Sand, Stone Screening
- Coarse aggregates derived from rocks, bricks, slag & pebbles Water – Quality, Water Cement Ratio
- Workability of Concrete, Slump Test
- Concrete Mixing – Hand mixing, Machine Mixing & Batch Mixing
- Transportation & Placing of concrete
- Compacting of Concrete
- Curing of Concrete
- Reinforced Cement Concrete
- Concrete Admixtures & water proofing
- Field Works (14 hours)
- Visit to ongoing project site
- Market survey of different building materials
- Tensile and compressive strength test of concretes
Evaluation Scheme
The questions will cover all the chapters of the syllabus. The evaluation scheme will be as indicated in the table below:
Chapter |
Hours |
Mark Distribution* |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
10 |
12 |
3 |
6 |
8 |
4 |
2 |
4 |
5 |
12 |
16 |
6 |
3 |
4 |
7 |
12 |
16 |
8 |
14 |
- |
Total |
60 |
80 |
*Note: There may be minor deviation in marks distribution.
References:
1. Building Materials, Gurucharan
2. Building Materials, Sushil Kumar
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